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下半年投資如何佈局?資金博弈或持續,港股抓住三條高確定性主線;衰退預期或進一步反映,美股這些板塊有望崛起
uSMART盈立智投 05-30 14:11

來源:中信證券研究

2月以來,受外圍中美關係、海外銀行體系風險、美國債務上限僵局;國內基本面復甦進度不及預期等因素拖累,外資再度大幅流出港股市場。

年初至今,恆生指數、國企指數、恆生科技指數分別下跌6.60%/7.06%/11.64%。分行業看,港股“中特估”主題如能源、電信服務、資本貨物等板塊漲幅居前。

而美股則在3月初的銀行體系風險後,顯著受益於對美聯儲加息終點的重新定價及經濟數據超預期,疊加今年以來AIGC主題性投資熱度高漲,相關板塊漲幅均十分亮眼。

截至5月26日,標普500和納斯達克指數年內分別上漲9.53%和23.97%。美股市場中,受益流動性預期邊際改善的成長板塊,如電信服務、信息技術、可選消費等領漲。

1、港股展望:多重資金博弈,波動行情延續

中信證券指出,當前港股已較充分計入悲觀預期,業績與估值仍具吸引力。恆生綜指、恆生科技指數動態PE分別爲9.3倍及22.8倍,都處於歷史均值一倍標準差以下的位置。而港股業績增速預期自5月以來築底回升,“業績底”已現,當前恆生綜指2023年淨利潤及營收增速預期分別達到18.8%和8.3%。

但2021年以來外資長線資金持續流出已導致港股交易量萎縮、賣空行爲增加,多重偏交易型資金持續博弈的狀態。考慮到下半年海外仍有的潛在風險事件,中信證券判斷當前的博弈環境仍將延續,建議投資者關注有業績支撐以及政策催化的長期高確定性方向,關注三條長期主線:

①內需驅動:下半年乃至2024年國內基本面延續復甦,短期相對利好出行產業鏈;中長期居民資產負債表修復,消費者信心反彈,利好大件耐用品消費的復甦;

②利率敏感行業:下半年海外潛在的金融體系風險或倒逼美聯儲逆轉貨幣緊縮,流動性預期差利好利率敏感行業的估值修復,包括互聯網、生物科技、EV;

③“中特估”交易或將貫穿全年,後續關注低估值、有政策催化行業以及經營指標優異標的。

2、美股展望:衰退或導致業績再度下修,流動性環境難以支撐估值

對於美股,中信證券認爲,在衰退風險和美聯儲極致緊縮的貨幣政策下,美國或在四季度陷入衰退,且流動性環境難以支撐當前過高的估值水平,年初以來科技藍籌推動的上漲局面或面臨“再平衡”。

從流動性維度來看,去年一季度以來標普500回購金額持續下滑,今年一季度僅1874億美元,同比驟降30.4%。機構型資金整體亦呈流出趨勢,截至今年3月的滾動12個月累計流出資金超900億美元。

另外,美國的融資餘額及可提取保證金餘額去年四季度以來亦在8000億美元附近波動,顯示出散戶加槓桿的意願並不強烈。整體看,若下半年美聯儲依舊維持激進的貨幣緊縮疊加衰退風險,當前的估值水平難以支撐。

鑑於未來尚有債務上限僵局及商業地產違約等潛在衝擊,美股或面臨板塊輪動。中信證券表示,三季度來看,在衰退預期進一步反映的情況下,防禦屬性較強的必選消費、醫療保健及公用事業板塊或相對跑贏。

進入實質性衰退後,隨着投資者對美聯儲貨幣政策轉向預期逐步形成,流動性環境轉暖利好“長久期”屬性的成長板塊。屆時科技藍籌或再度迎來配置機會,該機構建議關注步入新一輪上行週期的半導體行業和AI賦能,成本下降、海外收入佔比高且受益美元貶值的互聯網龍頭。

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