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科技巨頭主導美股漲勢,爲何對投資者來說是個壞消息?
uSMART盈立智投 05-30 10:26

今年以來,大型科技股推動美股上漲。而在美股的歷史上,從未有過來自同一行業的少數幾家公司對整個市場擁有如此大的影響力。

6只股票——蘋果、微軟、谷歌、亞馬遜、芯片製造商英偉達和Meta——現在的總估值約爲10萬億美元,佔標準500指數總市值的四分之一以上。但分析師表示,這對投資者來說可能是個壞消息。

由於人工智能熱潮和美聯儲即將暫停加息的預期,上述大型科技公司的股票在2023年都出現了兩位數的飆升——英偉達和Meta的股價上漲了一倍多。

今年迄今爲止,標普500指數的大部分漲幅都是由這些科技巨頭的大幅上漲所推動的。標普500指數在2023年上漲了8%,但如果不包括科技股,其回報率就會縮水至2%。標普500指數也明顯落後於以科技股爲主的納斯達克指數,後者今年已躍升22%,步入牛市。

同一行業的少數幾隻股票在標準普爾500指數中佔據如此大的比重,這在歷史上是罕見的。施羅德(Schroders)的數據顯示,上一次估值最高的五家公司佔到該指數總市值的四分之一是在上世紀60年代。這也是有史以來第一次,五家最大的上市公司——現在是蘋果、微軟、Alphabet、亞馬遜和英偉達——都來自同一個行業。

人們可能很容易把科技的主導地位視爲一件好事。但同一行業的股票往往容易受到同樣的宏觀經濟因素的影響,比如利率上升,科技股受到的打擊通常比其他公司更嚴重,因爲它們更依賴借款。

密涅瓦分析公司(Minerva Analysis)創始人凱瑟琳·布魯克斯(Kathleen Brooks)表示,標準普爾500指數的總市值如此集中在科技股上,以至於它比以前更容易受到大幅價格波動的影響。

她表示:“當市場的領頭羊來自同一個領域,如果科技行業發生了不好的事情,風險就很大。如果利率達到7%,就像小摩CEO傑米•戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)前幾天警告的那樣,那對整個市場來說都是壞消息。”

上週五公佈的數據顯示,美國4月核心PCE物價指數同比升4.7%,高於預期。這一最新數據可能會給聯邦公開市場委員會(FOMC)成員更大的動力,促使他們進一步加息,以控制持續不斷的通脹壓力。

因此,儘管大型科技股推動了股市在2023年的意外反彈,但布魯克斯認爲它們不斷膨脹的市值最終可能更多地是一種詛咒,而不是祝福。

投資策略分析師Ross Mayfield表示:“我們認爲人工智能炒作比其他一些技術炒作週期更合理。”他補充道:“英偉達超出預期的幅度幾乎是前所未有的,它確實顯示了需求可以立即貨幣化的程度。”

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