歐央行2021年9月議息會議點評:歐央行溫和放緩購債步伐,但不等於Taper
本文來自格隆匯專欄:中信證券研究,作者:崔嶸、蔡尚佑
核心觀點
歐央行9月會議決定溫和放緩購債步伐,我們認爲應解讀爲對前期較快購債的一種校準,而不等於Taper。往後看,預計歐央行貨幣正常化時點會滯後於美聯儲。後續伴隨美聯儲Taper臨近,投資者仍需警惕美元相對走強對市場的潛在衝擊。
事項
2021年9月9日歐央行召開9月議息會議,決定維持存款利率-0.5%不變,再融資利率0%不變,邊際借貸利率0.25%不變。
正文
此次歐央行的貨幣操作主要有兩點變化:
1)溫和放緩PEPP購債步伐,維持總購買規模不變:此次會議聲明中表示,歐央行綜合考慮了市場的流動性狀況和經濟的通脹前景,決定相對前兩個季度溫和放緩PEPP的購債步伐(with a moderately lower pace of net asset purchases under the PEPP than in the previous two quarters)。歐央行維持PEPP總規模1.85萬億不變,並承諾繼續購買至少持續至明年3月,之後將取決於疫情和疫苗的進展。
2)上調2021年經濟和通脹預測,明後年經濟預測基本不變:歐央行最新經濟預測顯示,2021年歐元區GDP同比增長5%,相比6月預測提升1%;2022年和2023年GDP增長分別爲4.6%和2.1%,整體變化不大。通脹方面,歐央行預測2021年HICP通脹水平爲2.2%,較6月提升了0.7%;明後年HICP預測分別爲1.7%和1.5%。總體來看,歐央行認爲短期經濟和通脹前景相對6月有所改善,但中期預期仍不樂觀,疫情和疫苗的不確定性持續存在,通脹可能長期低於政策目標。
歐央行溫和放緩購債步伐,但我們認爲不應解讀爲Taper,主要原因如下:
1)PEPP一直都是歐央行靈活購債的主要方式,並非常規QE;因此歐央行此前只是規定了PEPP的購買總規模,並未強制約束每月具體購債節奏;2)過去兩個季度歐央行一直在加快PEPP 的購買速度,實際上已經體現了針對疫情的額外刺激;當前只是在短期經濟預期好轉之後,對前兩個季度較快購債規模的適當調整,並非整體寬鬆節奏的放緩;3)歐央行主席拉加德會後整體表態偏鴿,強調此次調整並非在縮減QE規模(Taper),而是校準歐央行的購債步伐(Recalibrate),以實現更有利的融資條件。因此整體來看,我們認爲此次歐央行溫和放緩購債步伐,更應解讀爲對前期較快購債的一種校準,而非減碼寬鬆,因此不宜過度解讀成Taper。
往後看,我們認爲歐央行未來數月依然會維持600-700億歐元/月的購債規模。
一方面,歐央行聲明稱將長時間延續每個月200億的常規購債規模,會在下次加息前纔會結束。按照最新的加息時點預測,這也就意味着當前常規購債計劃(200億歐元/月)至少維持至2023年。另一方面,針對疫情的緊急資產購買計劃(PEPP)仍是當下最主要購債工具,特別是針對短期疫情衝擊,歐央行可以藉此靈活地調整購買節奏。我們預計PEPP至少持續至明年3月,最早可能在今年年底或明年年初討論結束PEPP的時點和節奏。今年前兩個季度歐央行每月購債規模在800-900億歐元,我們預計往後至少會維持在600-700億歐元/月。
預計歐央行貨幣正常化的時點會滯後於美聯儲,警惕美元相對走強。
歐元區經濟整體復甦進度相比美國更爲滯後;通脹持續上漲壓力較美國更小(最新預測2023年僅爲1.5%);再加上7月歐央行也採取了“中期2%的對稱通脹目標”,因此我們預計歐央行退出寬鬆的時間表會滯後於美聯儲。後續伴隨着美聯儲Taper臨近,投資者仍需警惕美元相對走強對市場的潛在衝擊。
風險因素:歐洲疫情反覆;疫苗接種不及預期。



Follow us
Find us on
Facebook,
Twitter ,
Instagram, and
YouTube or frequent updates on all things investing.Have a financial topic you would like to discuss? Head over to the
uSMART Community to share your thoughts and insights about the market! Click the picture below to download and explore uSMART app!

Disclaimers
uSmart Securities Limited (“uSmart”) is based on its internal research and public third party information in preparation of this article. Although uSmart uses its best endeavours to ensure the content of this article is accurate, uSmart does not guarantee the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of the information of this article and is not responsible for any views/opinions/comments in this article. Opinions, forecasts and estimations reflect uSmart’s assessment as of the date of this article and are subject to change. uSmart has no obligation to notify you or anyone of any such changes. You must make independent analysis and judgment on any matters involved in this article. uSmart and any directors, officers, employees or agents of uSmart will not be liable for any loss or damage suffered by any person in reliance on any representation or omission in the content of this article. The content of the article is for reference only and does not constitute any offer, solicitation, recommendation, opinion or guarantee of any securities, virtual assets, financial products or instruments. Regulatory authorities may restrict the trading of virtual asset-related ETFs to only investors who meet specified requirements. Any calculations or images in the article are for illustrative purposes only.
Investment involves risks and the value and income from securities may rise or fall. Past performance is not indicative of future performance. Please carefully consider your personal risk tolerance, and consult independent professional advice if necessary.