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市场波动导致了基金大幅赎回吗?
格隆汇 03-12 06:31

市场波动,近期偏股基金发行如何?

春节以来,市场整体调整较多同时波动加大。从指数的表现来看,截至3月10日,沪深300和创业板指分别下跌了13.8%和21.6%,从普通股票型基金和偏股混合型基金的净值表现来看,也均下跌了15%以上。在市场急速调整的过程中,市场恐慌情绪难免,投资者开始担心基金存在大量赎回的情况,并导致资金面的负反馈效应

从偏股基金发行的情况来看,当前仍然维持高速发行,后续也有望维持平稳。2020年每月新成立偏股基金规模平均水平在1343亿元左右,而2021年前3个月基金发行规模维持高位:1月创出单月新高达到3298亿元;2月由于春节假期交易日减少一周,但整体发行规模仍达到了2225亿元;3月截至10号,发行规模已经达到1123亿元(3月第一周发行814亿元,第二周前3个交易日发行310亿元)。

当然,市场阶段性的调整以及市场情绪的回落,会对后续基金发行的规模带来一定的压力,但是从更长期的视角来看,在居民加配股票资产且入场方式从直接持股转为间接持股的大趋势下,基金整体发行规模的中枢将系统性上移,后续发行量也将保持平稳,不会断崖式下跌。

历史数据看,调整之后赎回情况如何?

从历史偏股基金赎回的情况来看,短期赎回规模有限,不必过于担忧。我们从偏股基金份额的角度考虑,用基金协会公布的股票型+混合型基金存量份额的变化来近似估计每月基金份额的净增加(该数据当前暂停更新,截至2020年12月),基金份额净增加与新发行偏股基金份额的差值来估算存量基金的申购赎回(正值为申购,负值为赎回)。

我们看到基金赎回较多的月份大多为市场的快速上涨期,市场调整阶段的赎回规模相对有限,因此我们估计在本次调整中,短期基金赎回的规模有限,不必过度担心赎回带来的负反馈效应。

考虑到当前偏股基金赎回数据的不可得,我们用股票型ETF基金的高频数据来进行间接的验证。截至到2021年3月10日,我们看到股票ETF基金的总份额持续增加,即使将2021年以来新发行的ETF基金剔除后,我们看到存量ETF基金也是净申购的,这与我们对偏股基金的判断是一致的。

另一方面,我们看到,ETF发行的情况也是非常火爆,近期单周发行数量维持在8只左右,且以沪港深ETF和行业ETF为主(近期是消费ETF和周期ETF发行较多)。股票ETF产品从总量到行业的切换,也使得未来股票 ETF 增量资金对市场风格以及结构性行情的影响将日益深化。

风险提示

1、基金发行会受到监管政策和市场的影响,难以精准预判;

2、依靠历史经验得到的推断有一定局限性,需要结合国内市场情况进一步分析。

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