2021年黄金投资市场展望
作者:黎永达
来源:中国黄金网
美国大选结束,虽然结果尚有待核实,但大概率拜登接任美国总统,疫情与疫苗也有进一步发展,对于2021年的市场发展已具备方向性启示。对于金价而言,美元趋势、资本市场、央行政策及风险情绪决定了主体价格轨迹。为了探索金价的发展,必须先从以上四项的趋势作出整合,从而得出合理的推测。
四个重要阶段
对于宏观趋势预测,不宜先抱有主观的两极预期,这种偏颇的单向观点,往往会造成分析误判及盲点,比较合适的做法是,结合全年各阶段的宏观经济、政治预判、资本市场趋势及疫情和疫苗的发展作出分阶段式的整合。当然,这些分析要有先行的假设,这些假设,是建立在已有信息的合理预期之上,若当预期与终值出现偏差,则可以作出合理修正。
首先疫苗虽然有成功研发憧憬,但技术及生产问题尚有不确定性,加上远水不能救近火,所以乐观的预期是,疫情要待2021年中才能真正的放缓;对于目前至2021年底,整个资本市场预计会分为四个重要阶段。

1.紧张周期(目前至2021年1月20日):主要焦点为疫情及政治风险影响。特朗普不承认选举结果,而离任前刻意推行极端外交政策,市场增加不确定因素;而疫情亦有机会在这一阶段在欧美造成更大的伤害。
2.摸索周期(2021年1月至年中):疫情的不确性与美国新任政府政策的改变。
3.和谐期(2021年第三季度):全球政治的新变局与疫情逐步受控。
4.全球复苏期(2021年第三季中期至第四季度):疫情有效压制,而政治及央行政策改变。
政治政策依然是市况核心
特朗普离任前风险情绪获支持是大概率事件,而拜登上台早期需要时间与各国重新建交及进行贸易谈判,这过程有可能要等到明年中的G7会议才会有较明朗的结果及制订新一轮的贸易协定,而经济及基建刺激方案虽然为资本市场带来兴奋憧憬,但庞大的政府负债则会带来美元压力,然而在民主党未能掌握国会下,明年第三季度出现财政悬崖危机的几率不低,而加税计划亦较大可能要等至明年后段才有机会递交国会审议。
负利率憧憬影响央行政策
预期美联储及欧央行会在2020年底进一步量化宽松,以进一步购买资产及提供短期定量资金为主,而下一轮的量宽则会在2021年中,在第三季度末至第四季度开会准备政策正常化及停止购债,利率正常化及缩表则要待2023年后。
但2021年美联储出席国会听证会期间有更多的负利率政策憧憬,虽然实行机会低,但憧憬期间会对美元造成较大打压。对于金价而言,美元偏软或区间受压的阶段会获得更大支持,但若货币政策正常化憧憬出现,则会对金价带来较大打压。
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