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缺芯行情持续发酵,半导体芯片概念大爆发
格隆汇 01-18 15:08

今日午盘,申万电子板块领涨大盘,涨3.65%。半导体和芯片板块大幅拉升,思瑞浦、通富微电、中晶科技等封涨停板,韦尔股份一度涨停,股价最高至314.6元,再创历史新高,市值已逼近2700亿;立昂微、晶方科技、闻泰科技等涨超9%,圣邦股份、北方华创、长电科技等涨超8%。

自去年四季度以来,半导体芯片板块就持续拉涨,多个龙头公司股价持续创历史新高。其中韦尔股份去年四季度至今涨幅已超60%,北方华创涨超46%,市值达1142亿,卓胜微涨超76%,市值超1200亿。

消息面上,美国对华为的芯片限制再生变故。外媒报道称,特朗普政府已通知包括英特尔在内的华为供应商,将撤销向华为供货的某些特定许可,而且打算否决数十件许可申请。这可能是特朗普任期内针对华为的“最后一次行动”,也是对这家全球最大电信设备制造商“长期打压”的最新行动。

消息一出,进一步导致了全球芯片缺货行情发酵,芯片和半导体板块随之迅速拉升。

中航证券认为,全球半导体产业链格局正在发生变化,中国半导体需求规模不断扩大的同时,生产规模及全球市占率也在不断提升。根据SIA数据,目前中国国内市场占全球半导体销量60%。根据Credit Suisse的《中国半导体自主性调查报告;现在与未来展望》报告,预计2019-2024中国半导体制造业的复合增长率将以每年17%的速度增长。全球产业链格局的变化也将促进我国半导体产业链企业不断提升竞争力。

2020年,我国半导体行业股权投资案例413起,投资金额超过1400亿元人民币,相比2019年约300亿人民币的投资额,增长近4倍,这也是中国半导体一级市场有史以来投资额最多的一年。

从细分方向来看,半导体设计公司仍然是投资重点,产业上游也受到资本更多的关注。2019年,材料和设备领域的投资比重是13%,2020年已经增长到19.2%。从2020年底到2021年,整个芯片产业遇到的最大问题是产能紧张,制造和封测进入了新一轮的涨价周期。

自去年四季度起,已有超过20家半导体及芯片企业发布“调价函”,行业涨价幅度平均在10%~20%之间。联电、格芯和世界先进等公司产品价格提高了约10%~15%,个别企业如得一微电子,其嵌入式存储控制芯片价格上调50%。如新洁能、汇顶科技、华微电子、上海贝岭、晶丰明源、富满电子、华润微等多家半导体厂商纷纷发布调价通知函。

而涨价原因主要是由于上游原材料以及封装成本持续上涨,且产能紧张、采购周期延长,产品成本大幅增加,故提升产品价格来分摊成本压力。有市场机构预计,2021年的半导体及相关产品价格涨幅可能接近20%,“急单”价格涨幅甚至达40%。

根据全球半导体贸易统计数据,到2021年,全球半导体市场预计将增长超过8%,达到4690亿美元(约合人民币3万亿元)。

另外,由于5G的普及,半导体和传感器的需求高涨。WSTS预计2020年存储芯片销售额将增长12.2%至1190亿美元,其次是传感器(增长7.4%)和逻辑芯片(增长6.5%)。WSTS认为存储芯片也是2021年增长最快的类别,预测明年将大幅增长13.3%。

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